Lesson 15 - The Particles That Make It All Clear - From and To

Hello people!   We’re back with another grammar post, and it’s still about particles. We have quite a few to deal with, so bear with me.  

Today's particles deal with both place, time and even people or any living thing for what matters. The particles I’m talking about both translate into ‘from’ and ‘to’ or ‘until’.  

This blog post might be longer than the other ones as it deals with four different particles. 

I will start talking about the ones dealing with place and time, as they’re the easiest ones to remember. They are -부터 which means from, and -까지 which can be translatable into until or to. They don’t have different forms, and they’re attached directly to nouns (지금 now + 부터 from turns into 지금부터 from now). 

Let’s look at some examples: 

내일부터 더 열심히 일할 거야 

From tomorrow onwards, I’ll work harder 

8 시까지 바빠요 

I’m busy until 8 

그때까지 잘 지내! 

Until then, take care! 

이제부터는 시간을 꼭 지키도록 하겠어요 

From now on, I’ll make sure I’m on time 

Note that for places -에서 and -에 are mostly used (if you don’t remember about this particle, check here). 

The other particles are 에게/한테 and 에게서/한테서. The first pair can be translated into ‘to’ and it’s attachable to any kind of noun. You will probably see mostly 에게 in written speech and 한테 in conversations. Instead, the second pair is translatable into ‘from’ (에게서 mostly in written speeches and 한테서 in conversations). 

선생님한테 말을 들어보세요 

Listen to your teacher 

삼촌에게서 생일 선물을 받았어요 

I received a birthday present from my uncle 

그에게 너무 바라지 마세요 

Don't expect too much of him 

그녀는 나한테서 다시는 그러지 않겠다고 했어 

She told me she wouldn’t do it again 

As you can see from the examples, each pair can be used interchangeably (에게 instead of 한테, and 에게서 instead of 한테서). You don’t have specific sentences in which you need to use either one of them, like the subject particles and topic particles (if you don’t remember them, check here).  

Let’s look at some more examples: 

신하들은 왕에게/한테 아첨했어요 

The servants praised the king  

그들은 그에게/한테 인증서를 줬어요 

They gave him a certificate 

그 고객들은 훌륭한 웨이터에게 대접받았어요 

The customers were served by a great waiter 

학생들은 교장선생님에게/한테 절을 했어요 

The students bowed to the principal 

프로듀서는 댄서한테서/에게서 감사를 받았어요 

The producer was thanked by the dancers 

그 페이스트리는 배고픈 사람들에게서/한테서 평가되었어요 

The pastry was evaluated by the hungry people 

자네 이야기는 김 군한테서/에게서 들었어요 

I heard about you from Mr. Kim 

최근에 그 사람한테서/에게서 소식 없었어요? 

Have you heard from him lately? 

As you can see, they're pretty easy, but to master them you will have to practice!

VOCABS SET ON QUIZLET: 1 

KPOPOLOGY WEBSITE: Home, KPOPOLOGY Explains 

DROPBOX FILES: Main folder, Lesson 15 Practice 

I will see you next time with another grammar post!

 구름